宾语从句使用要点拓展资料[]
一、引导词的选择与使用
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连词that
- 陈述句转宾语从句时用that引导,无实际意义且可省略(除特定情况)
- 不可省略的情况:
- 多个并列从句时,第二个及之后的that必须保留(如:He said (that) he was tired and that he needed rest)
- 从句主语是this/that或主句有插入语时(如:I believe, however, that he is honest)
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whether与if
- 一般疑问句转宾语从句时用whether/if,但下面内容情况只能用whether:
- 与or not连用(whether…or not)
- 介词后(如:We discussed whether to leave)
- 不定式前(如:I wonder whether to go)
- 一般疑问句转宾语从句时用whether/if,但下面内容情况只能用whether:
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疑问代词/副词
- what/who/where等疑问词直接引导从句,保留疑问含义但需用陈述语序(如:Tell me where you live)
二、语序与时态制度
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陈述语序强制使用
- 无论原句是否为疑问句,宾语从句必须用主语+谓语结构(如:Do you know what time it is?)
- 唯一例外:固定句型”What’s wrong/ the matter…”作从句时语序不变(如:I don’t know what’s wrong with him)
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时态呼应
- 主句现在时:从句可用任意时态(如:She says she is studying / will study)[]
- 主句过去时:从句需用相应过去时态(一般过去/过去进行/过去完成等)
- 客观真理例外:即使主句为过去时,从句仍用现在时(如:He proved that light travels faster than sound)
三、独特语法现象
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否定转移
- 主句动词为think/believe/suppose等,且主语为第一人称时,从句否定移至主句(如:I don’t think he will come)[]
- 反义疑问句制度:以从句内容为准(如:I don’t think he is honest, is he?)
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形式宾语it
- 当从句后有宾语补足语时,需用it作形式宾语(如:I find it strange that he left)
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虚拟语气
- wish后接虚拟语气(如:I wish I were rich)
- suggest/demand等动词后接”should + 动词原形”(should可省略)(如:He suggested we (should) leave)
四、易错点与注意事项
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介词后的宾语从句
- 除except外,其他介词后不用that引导从句,需改用名词性短语(如:He faced up to the fact that he failed)
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主从疑问句区分
- 独特疑问句:疑问词置于句首(如:Who do you think will win?)
- 一般疑问句:疑问词保留在从句中(如:Do you know when he left?)
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复合结构处理
- 某些动词(make/find/consider等)需用”动词+it+补足语+从句”结构(如:I think it important that we study)
拓展资料应用示例:
正确:Scientists confirmed that the earth revolves around the sun. (真理用现在时)
错误:He asked me where was I going. (错误语序)→ 应改为:He asked me where I was going.
独特否定:I never believe that money means happiness. (从句含never时不转移否定)